Determination of the End Point of the Acid Base Titration

Assurance of the End Point of the Acid Base Titration Chapter by chapter guide (Jump to) Presentation Acids and Bases Properties of corrosive Qualities of Acids and Bases How to distinguish corrosive and Bases? pKa and Dissociation Equilibrium Gear Method Results and end Catalog Presentation Acids and Bases Each fluid we see will likely have either essential or acidic properties. Water can be a base and corrosive, it relies upon the response you include with water. It tends to be a base in some response and a corrosive in certain responses. Additionally water can respond with itself to frame bases and acids yet it occurs in little amounts so it won't change your examinations. 2H2O > H3O++ OH- The hydrogen particle was moved to frame Hydronium particle. The negative and positive particles in water are equivalent and drop one another. The vast majority of water we drink from the tap has others particles in it. Those particles in arrangement make something fundamental or acidic. For instance, in our Bodies, there are little mixes called amino acids and in organic products there something many refer to as citrus extract. As per Sant㠩 Arrhenius, in 1887, he thought of new meanings of acids and bases. He said when we blend water to particles , they separate and gives a hydrogen particle and at another occasions it gives hydroxide. As a rule, a hydrogen positive particle is discharged, the acidic arrangement increments. At the point when a hydroxide particle is discharged, the arrangement become base For instance HA +H2O H3O + A Hydronium particle is framed and it is corrosive. That hydrogen particle is the explanation it is called a corrosive. Scientific experts utilize the word separated to portray the separation of a compound Properties of corrosive Acids taste acrid Acids respond emphatically with metals (Zn + HCl) Solid Acids are hazardous and can consume your skin Bases Bases are ionic intensifies that break separated to frame a contrarily charged hydroxide particle (OH-) in water. The quality of a base is controlled by the centralization of Hydroxide particles (OH-). The more noteworthy of the grouping of OH particles the more grounded the base. Model: NaOH in water NaOH Na+ + OH Qualities of Acids and Bases Solid Acids and Weak Acids: Quality of corrosive is identified with ionization of acids in water. A portion of the acids can ionize 100 % in water arrangements; we call them solid acids. HCL are instances of solid acids.in other hand, a portion of the acids can't ionize like solid acids. We call acids in part ionize in arrangements feeble corrosive. CH3COOH, HF, H2CO3 are instances of powerless corrosive that somewhat ionize in arrangement Solid and Weak Bases: Bases ionize totally in arrangements are called solid bases. NaOH and bases including OH-particle are solid bases. Bases that ionize halfway in arrangements are called frail bases. For instance [ NH3] Ionization of Water: Water ionizes gives: H2O(l) ↠H+(aq) + OH(aq) In unadulterated water groupings of H+ and OH particles are equivalent to one another and at 25⠰, they have focus 110-7 M. at that point centralization of particle in unadulterated water is excessively low, it is a terrible electric transmitter. As on account of unadulterated water mediums having [H+] = [OH] focus are called impartial mediums. In water arrangements augmentation of [H+] and [OH] is steady and at 25 0C it is 110-14. This number is additionally called ionization consistent of unadulterated water. In the event that grouping of [H+] particles equivalent [OH-]= 10 - 7M, at that point arrangement is impartial. In the event that grouping of [H+] particles > [OH-] or [H+] > 10 - 7M and [OH-] - 7 M, at that point arrangement is acidic. In the event that grouping of [OH-] particles > [H+] or [H+] - 7 M and [OH-] > 10-7 M, at that point arrangement is fundamental. How to distinguish corrosive and Bases? Researchers use something many refer to as pH scale to quantify how fundamental or acidic the fluid is. Additionally there are numerous sorts of particles in an answer, pH center around centralization of hydrogen particles and hydroxide particles. The scale estimates esteems from 0 to 14. Refined water is 7 in the center. The quality of a corrosive or base in an answer is estimated on a scale called a pH scale. Any pH number more prominent than 7 is viewed as a base and any pH number under 7 is viewed as a corrosive. 0 is the most grounded corrosive and 14 is the most grounded base. The corrosive quality relies upon the centralization of positive hydrogen particles in the arrangement. The more noteworthy and more hydrogen particles is the more grounded acids likes Hydrochloric corrosive HCL and Sulphuric corrosive. pH=-log[H+] and pOH=-log[OH-] In the event that 7>pH>0 acidic arrangement In the event that 14>pH>7 essential arrangement In the event that pH=7 unbiased arrangement pKa and Dissociation Equilibrium 1. pH At the point when acids is added to water, the pH scale diminishes. The sharpness of an answer is inspected by the hydrogen particle fixation ([H+]), where pH gives a straightforward list to communicating the [H+] level., when pH is little which implies that the littler the quantity of pH , the more grounded corrosive. pH=-log10[H] pKa and Dissociation Equilibrium Solid corrosive , which they are separate in arrangement, and powerless acids that somewhat separate in arrangement. At the point when separation of solid corrosive occurs, it gives a proton where make the arrangement progressively acidic, However, frail acids have a separated express (A-) and undissociated state (AH) that shows up as per the accompanying separation balance condition. Ok A + H+ . The meaning of Ka is Ka= The sections of the item to the sections of the reactants pKa was acquainted as a list with express the acridity of frail acids, where pKa is characterized as follows. pKa= log10Ka Connection among Ka and Pka , it is conversely corresponding so when ka is high which implies storng corrosive which implies pKa is low and the other way around Gear Burette Measuring glass Attractive stirrer Ph meter Corrosive and Bases Unadulterated water Strategy Clean all gear so as to get exact conductivity Include some of NaOH into the accepting cup and afterward include somewhat 1 ml of HCL and ensure you including the getting cup the attractive stirrer Rehash this means to get the conductivity from volume 0 ml to 17 ml Get titration bend ,the differential bend and the end point For CH3COOH + NaOH We will make same advances and record the conductivity pH Results and end NaOH + HCL Aftereffects of volume of HCL and the conductivity Ml pH is certain that end point happens at 10 ml of HCL which pH drops to 6.34 Titration bend Differential bend Ch3COOH +Naoh Obviously end point at 10 ml of Naoh the end point happen , the ph contrast is large Titration bend Differential bend List of sources http://www.chemistrytutorials.org/content/acids-and-bases/ph-poh-and-ionization-of-water/58-acids-and-bases-cheat-sheet http://www.sciencebuddies.org/science-reasonable undertakings/project_ideas/Chem_AcidsBasespHScale.shtml http://www.elmhurst.edu/~chm/vchembook/184ph.html http://lrs.ed.uiuc.edu/understudies/erlinger/water/foundation/ph.html http://www.humboldtmfg.com/graduated_glass_beaker.html http://www.shimadzu.com/a/hplc/support/lib/lctalk/29/29intro.html https://www.boundless.com/science/acids-and-bases/quality of-acids/the-corrosive separation consistent/ http://www.princeton.edu/~achaney/tmve/wiki100k/docs/Acid_dissociation_constant.html

Hospitality and Tourism Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Cordiality and Tourism - Essay Example is apparent that the business world accompanies numerous vulnerabilities and along these lines, picking up information and data is a method of making an upper hand. Along these lines, a significant element in the cutting edge cordiality and the travel industry is the comprehension of new strategies and methodology through staff preparing. Preparing and direction is crafted by the Human Resource Management (HRM) as a method of upgrading representative execution, while effectively utilizing their mastery just as specialization in their activity. It is in this manner, essential to comprehend the noteworthy of work force preparing just as direction in friendliness and the travel industry in an offer to upgrade execution (Barrows and Powers, 2008). The extreme changing universe of business requires utilizing human funding to improve execution so as to accomplish the hierarchical objectives. The human asset administrator in the accommodation business ought to comprehend the different changes in globalization, mechanical advances, staff assorted variety, deficiency of work, and worker inclusion among others (Gonzã ¡lez and Tacorante, 2004). Preparing and supporting representatives is an idea that can't be subverted by the human asset since it adds information and capacity to get effective. New workers in accommodation and the travel industry part need preparing to comprehend their obligations and the current representatives need more information to fathom the adjustments in this division. It is apparent that exhaustive preparing uncovered an employee’s capabilities and practices to perform better (Ahammad, 2013). The numerous adjustments in innovation, complex business frameworks, and vulnerability in the business world, call for more information and new aptitudes. Fundamentally, (Gazija, 2011) contends that the neighborliness and the travel industry witness large scale manufacturing and age of various items or administrations and clients are particularly specific when buying them. Along these lines, this new requests in the cordiality business need new arrangements and wide

Finding the Best Sites to Write My Paper For Me Free

Finding the Best Sites to Write My Paper For Me FreeMany people use the Internet to find the best free paper writing help to write their paper for them free. However, they usually do not take the time to learn more about these sites and the services that they provide.Using the Internet to look for the best sites to write your paper for you free is really easy. You just need to visit the sites that have been mentioned on your search engine. Once you click on the links, you can see the different types of papers that are available.But it is important that you read the terms and conditions before you sign up for a free paper writing help. In most cases, the websites that you are going to sign up with will require you to give them your credit card number. However, if you want to receive the best kind of paper writing help, then you should not pay the money to get your paper.Many people write their paper by using the Internet. However, you can write your paper without spending any money us ing the paper writing help that is offered online. If you want to write your paper for you free, you can use the online services that are provided by writing sites.But if you do not have any good writing skills, you should go for the paid services. If you want to get free paper writing help to write your paper for you free, then the best way to get your paper written is by using the service provided by writing sites. The best sites to write your paper for you free are the ones that offer you free writing help.Writers are given instructions regarding how to write their paper and they are provided different styles of paper as well. One style of paper that is offered by many of the writing sites is the outline style of paper. However, most of the writing sites will not let you put down your own style and the papers that you will be given will be totally dependable on the style that you are using.Another advantage of using an online site is that you do not have to buy any kind of paper supplies. It means that you do not have to buy anything from them at all. It means that you do not have to spend any money at all.Writing a paper is not an easy task and if you try to write one yourself without any writing help, it will only take you a couple of days before you get tired of it. To write your paper for you free can be time consuming. So you should try to look for the best sites to write your paper for you free that is offered by writing sites online.

Malaysian Court System - Free Essay Example

Sample details Pages: 8 Words: 2480 Downloads: 5 Date added: 2017/06/26 Category Law Essay Type Review Level High school Did you like this example? Task 1a)There are three courts with different jurisdiction within what is known as the Superior Court. They are the Federal Court; i.e. the highest court in the land, the Appeal Court, the High Court of Malaya and the High Court of Sabah and Sarawak. Each is head by a federal judge called Chief of Justice of the Federal Court, President of the Appeal Court, and Chief Judge of the High Courts of Malaya and Sabah and Sarawak. The subordinate court comprises the Session Court and the Magistrate Court. In the Peninsular, there is also the Penghulus Court but the latter is increasingly less used. In Malaysia, they are presently 60 Court Judges, 52 in the Peninsular and 4 each in the states of Sabah and Sarawak. At level, there are 151 Magistrate. Of that numbers, 122 for the Peninsular, 10 Sabah, 1 Federal territory of Labuan and 18 only 118 were filled in the Peninsular, 7 in Sabah and 12 in Sarawak.In addition to the above, there are also several tribunals or such as the Industrial Court, Labour Court, the Mining Court, Courts Martial, and the Special Court, each dealing with specific matters already mentioned very briefly.At the state level, there are several courts; Syariah Court that is further sub-divided into Syariah Court of Appeal, Syariah High Court and Syariah Lower Court, and in the states of Sabah and Sarawak, the Adat (Native) Court.Superior courtFederal CourtThe Federal Court is the highest court in Malaysia. The Federal Court may hear appeals of civil decisions of the Court of Appeal where the Federal Court grants leave to do so. The Federal Court also hears criminal appeals from the Court of Appeal, but only in respect of matters heard by the High Court in its original jurisdiction (i.e. where the case has not been appealed from the Subordinate Courts).Court of AppealThe Court ofAppeal generally hears all civilin his warrant, which can be punished with a fine not exceeding RM50.b)Thecourt in Malaysia that are empowere d to hear appeal cases are the Court of Appeal which headby the President of the Court of Appeal.Itcomprises 10 other judges, excluding the president.The Court of Appeal was constituted from the Federal Court which was abolished when the Supreme Court was formed in 1985. It resurfaced again 1995, the Supreme Court was Federal Court and the Court of Appeal as in pre- 1985 period. The appointments of members of the Court of Appeal are made by the King upon the of Prime minister who is constitutionally required to consult the Chief justice and the President of the Court of Appeal. They shall hold office until reaching the age of 65.TASK 2a)In Malaysia, parties in a civil dispute are advised to settle their disputes outside the court room. This resolution called as alternative dispute resolution (ADR). ADR being introduced to provide an alternative settlement outside an open court which is private and less time-consuming while giving the opportunity to the parties in dispute to d ecide on their terms of settlement and to reduce backlog of cases in the courts. This resolution consist in four forms i.e. negotiation, mediation, conciliation and arbitration. By the way, in Malaysia all these alternative dispute resolution do not being apply towards the criminal proceedings as practised in many countries.One of the more ignored aspects of employment law is tribunal procedure. To this neglected area the Coalition Government has brought in a host of reforms to address what is regarded as an economic imperative. This commentary considers the employment law reforms contained in the Enterprise and Regulatory Reform Act Part 2.Coming at the mid-way point in the Coalitions planned reforms which are scheduled to be fully introduced as of 2015, this legislative overhaul of employment tribunal procedure has been linked to efforts to improve the countrys economy. Government reports published leading up to the passage of the legislation offer guidance to the new frame work. The package contains a negative and singular view of employment litigation. The Act and Regulations may assist employers, but more remarkable is the Governments ambivalence regarding rights. These reforms put into question access to redress for potential infringements of employment rights and emphasise the use of law as a tool for economic stimulation rather than a source of rights protection.This commentary first briefly situates the package within a continuum of procedural changes and then outlines the long-standing discussion regarding Employment Tribunal reform. The next segment delves into the reforms by considering three provisions which are: the requirement for claimants to report their claims to Acas first; fees for launching claims; and settlement offers. This discussion is interspersed with references to Government documents anticipating the changes. Based on these foregoing sections, the final portion of this commentary investigates instructive themes emergin g from the current reforms package. The Coalitions plans are of particular importance to small-to-medium-sized (SME) and microbusinesses. The emphasis of employment regulation is being shifted to that of an easy-to-use format accessible to those entirely unfamiliar with these regulations. Together this package suggests fundamental change in employment law: a retrenchment of the parameters for access to redress which has the potential to limit the enforcement of recognised employment rights, especially when determined by their impact on business.(Nuraisyah Chua Abdullah (2013), Questions Answes on MALAYSIAN COURTS, STATUTES, CASES CONTRACT, TORT AND CRIMINAL LAW. International Law Malaysia . page 48)(Industrial Law Journal, retrieved from https://ilj.oxfordjournals.org/content/42/4/409 full accessed on 23 Decembercenario given is mediation. This is because by using mediation the parties that involved would either reach a settlement according to the proposals of the mediator o r the case will be brought to the court. Other than that, the types of disputes that is suitable for mediation are family disputes and business or trade disputes. As the scenario given was involving the employer and the employee so that the mediation will be suit to handle the case given. (Nuraisyah Chua Abdullah (2013), Questions Answes on MALAYSIAN COURTS, STATUTES, CASES CONTRACT, TORT AND Law Book Services. Selangor : Malaysia . page 48-49)TASK 3a)Liability in law is an obligation of one party to another, usually to financially. It is a fundamental aspect of tort law, although liability may also arise from duties entered into by a special agreement as in a contract or in the carrying out of a fiduciary duty. The affixing of liability may once have been simply a peace-preserving alternative to the practice of an injured party taking vengeance. Based on the Law Dictionary, personal liability describes a personal wrong to a person such as an assault or the wrong resulting in damage of personals feeling. the laws emphasis has long been that one who is able to pay (who, in modern terms has deep pockets ) should pay one who has lost something through an action of the payer, even if that action was blameless. Under the principle vicarious liability, an employer may be jointly and severally liable with his employee for torts committed by the latter. Based on the Encyclopedia of Crime and Justice, vicarious liability, which is common in some areas of the law, refers to legal responsibility for the actions of another. Some of the rationales of the concept of vicarious liability are such follows :i.The employer must have been negligent in employing a negligent servant or) failing to control his servant.ii.Since the employer benefits from the employees work, he should also bear the responsibility for damage caused by his employee.iii.The employer has the greater fund to pay damages to the injured party than the employee.iv.Usually the employer is not an individual, but an enterprise or undertaking, therefore, they can spread the loss. Moreover, they also have insurance coverage.However, if thee tort is committed by an independent contractor rather than bya n employee, the person who engages the independent contacrtor would not be liable for the tort committed by the latter. By the way, it can be argued that liability for the wrongs of independent contractors do exist on the grounds that he failed in his duty to ensure that competent conractor was employed and also where the operation is of a particularly dangerous nature a in the case of Honeywill Stein v Larkin Bros [1934] 1 KB 191.Strict criminal liability is often confused with vicarious liability, with which Thus, if A, Bs employee, knowingly serves liquor to a minor, and B is held liable, B is vicariously liable, but not strictly liable, since someone for whom he is held responsible acted with mensrea. If, however, A did not know his customer was a minor, and is never theless held liable, A is strictly liable. And if B is held liable as well, he is now vicariously and strictly liable. Many of the early cases understood to impose strict liability actually involved vicarious liability. Normally a defendant is not liable unless he does something wrong. There is one exception to this general rule where a defendant will be liable even though he violated no duty and did nothing wrong. This exception is sometimes called strict liability or absolute liability. (Nuraisyah Chua Abdullah (2013), Questions Answes on CRIMINAL LAW. International Law Book Services. Selangor : Malaysia . page 163-165)( Encyclopedia of Crime and Justice, retrieved encyclopedia.com/topic/Strict_Liability.aspx accessed on 23rd December 2014)( Encyclopedia of Crime and Justice, retrieved from https://www encyclopedia.com/topic/Vicarious_Liability.aspxaccessed on 23rd December 2014)( Principles of Liability and Personality, retrieved from https://www lawteacher.net/free-law- dissertations/principles-of-liability-and-personality.php accessed on 23rd December 2014)b)Legal obligation of one party to a victim as a resultof a civil wrong or injury This action requires some form of remedy from court system. A tort liability arises because of a combination of directly violating a persons right and the transgression of a public oblication causing damage or a private wrong doing. evidence must be evaluated in a court hearing to identify who the tortfeasor/ liable party is in the case.base on www.lawdictionary.com/defination/tort liability.html Task 4a) Define the term contract1)Defined terms and definitions are used toarchitecture, a negative correlation was identified in respect of several variables, such as firm size, share of value added and productivity (value added per employee). Conversely, the correlation between RAs and sectoral performance across key indicators was positive in professions such as engineering (employment, turnover and value added ) and within specialised construction activities (no. of employees employment, turnover and value added). While this finding is the opposite of what might be expected, there may be other unidentified variables that influence sectoral performance in the countries within scope. The rank correlation and regression analysis found that the exclusive reserve of icant at conventional confidence levelsactivities within engineering, architecture and building services may lower productivity compared with EU countries in which the same professions do not have specific qualifications requirements. Based on https://www.law.cornell.edu/wex/legal_systems method of resolving disputes other than by litigation. Abbreviated as ADR. the Public courts may be asked review the validity of ADR methods, but they will rarely overturn ADR decisions and awards if the disputing parties formed a valid contract to abide by them. the Arbitration and mediation are the two major forms of ADR.Arbitration, a wid ely used form of ADR, is a kind of dispute resolution method that the disputes arising between the parties are resolved by the arbitrators appointed by them instead of states legal bodies. the Mediation, a wide applicable form of ADR, is a method in which the mediator provides better communication between the parties of the dispute. then The mediator does not guide or direct the parties, or gives an advice or gives a binding decision like an arbitrator or a judge. then The mediator only contents with asking directive questions to the parties better communication with each other.In case an agreement is not reached at the end of mediation process, the information and documents obtained from the deliberations cannot be used as evidence in a possible, future lawsuit.The Tribunal ProcessAlthough some employees and employers can now choose to follow an alternative dispute resolution procedure, most employee complaints are still heard at an employment tribunal. but You need to tak e tribunals seriously. because If you have well-thought-out procedures, and follow them, you can prepare good evidence making it easy to defend your actions.The interpretation of employment law is moving in favour of the 2009 b) Identify the parties involved in the senario 3 with the help of a proper diagram and their responsibilities.BankThe banker is to advise companies, institutions and governments on how to achieve their financial goals and implement long and short-term financial plans Corporate investment bankers work in dedicated teams, focusing on specific transactions or market sectors. then They also work alongside other related professionals such as lawyers and accountants. A typical corporate finance deal involves two stages:Origination: assessing a deals desirability which is sometimes an innovative idea from the bank rather than the client. Financial models are used to simulate possible outcomes. This requires a deep understanding of a sector.Execution: structurin g and negotiating the detailed terms of a deal, often in liaison with other professionals Although dealing with different, specific business areas, project teams liaise with one another during the two phases of a deal in order to obtain relevant specialist information and market intelligence.Typical activities on a day-to-day basis include:*thoroughly researching market conditions and developments;*identifying new business opportunities;*carrying out financial modelling, then developing and of presenting appropriate financial solutions to clients;*liaising with the chief executive and chief finance officers of large organisations;*co-ordinating teams of professionals including accountants, lawyers and PR consultants and working closely with them.ClientThe client should ensure the following concerning the principle contractor:* that the potential principal contractor to be appointed has the necessary competencies and the resources to carry out the construction work safely.* ens ure prior to work commencing on site that every principal contractor is registered and in good standing with the compensation fund or employee, and awards are increasing, so it is important to understand to the system and the way tribunals operate.This briefing covers:1.The tribunal process, from the start to finish.2.How to defend a case.3.How to prevent disputes arising. the Employment tribunal hearings usually take place before a legally qualified employment judge and two lay members, one nominated by an employersorganisation and the other from a union oremployees body.The employment tribunal process is impartial, but in an unfair dismissal claim it does generally start by assuming that there is a case for the employer to answer._Tribunals try to be guided by what is reasonable. They will take into account prevailing standards and practices in your industry and recognise that special difficulties can arise in smaller firms._Awards made by the tribunal are aimed at compensa ting the employee, not punishing the employer.b)The selection of ADR b Don’t waste time! Our writers will create an original "Malaysian Court System" essay for you Create order

Blood Brothers Essay Example for College Students - Free Essay Example

Sample details Pages: 8 Words: 2305 Downloads: 9 Date added: 2017/06/26 Category Literature Essay Type Compare and contrast essay Did you like this example? Compare how Willy Russell portrays the two mothers in â€Å"Blood Brothers†. Blood Brothers is a popular play by Willy Russell. It was written and first performed in 1981. The play tells of twin brothers, separated at birth, with one kept in a low-class family and the other is adopted into a wealthy family. The characters of Mrs Johnston and Mrs Lyons, the mothers, are total opposites. Mrs Johnston is a struggling, single mother of seven, with another two on the way, whereas Mrs Lyons is a privileged, yet childless, married woman. When we are first introduced to Mrs Johnston, she is a single mother ever since her husband left her for a younger woman. She is a low–class Liverpudlian, who is extremely hardworking. Mrs Johnston is described as a woman in her thirties, but looks sixty, because of the stress of work and her children. Mrs Johnston stutters at times, when shes under pressure, like when Mrs Lyons is persuading her to give away one of the twins, â€Å"Erm, well I think its the†¦ but, Mrs Lyons, what†¦Ã¢â‚¬  Act 1 Scene 5. Mrs Johnston is shown as unsure and pressured into something she doesnt want to do. The reader may find it disturbing, since not many mothers give away their children to their employers. Mrs Johnston realises what Mrs Lyons is talking about, but is still confused over the whole situation. When she talks, ellipses are used to show that she pauses in her dialogue, because she is uncertain about the consequences to what she is about to do, â€Å"At er†¦Ã¢â‚¬  Act 1 Scene 5. She is hesitating because she is in doubt and hasnt really decided. Mrs Johnston is lost for words and cant think of anything to say. Mrs Johnston is a superstitious lady, even though she denies it. The reader can see this in a scene between her and Mrs Lyons, â€Å"Mrs Lyons: [Twigging, laughing] Oh, you mean its superstition. Youre superstitious are you? The Mother: No. But you never put new shoes on a table.† Act 1 Scene 3. When Mrs Lyons laid shoes on the table, Mrs Johnston panicked. Mrs Lyons uses Mrs Johnstons belief of superstition against her when trying to keep her ‘son, Edward, one of the twins. Mrs Lyons contrasts really strongly against Mrs Johnston. At first, Mrs Lyons is shown as a bright person in her thirties, unlike the stressed Mrs Johnston who is the same age. Mrs Lyons is an upper middle-class woman. She is also a very patronising woman, who is forceful and pressurising. Mrs Lyons uses negative views about extra children so that Mrs Johnston will have to give away one of the twins to her. She doesnt do this in an aggressive way, but in a dangerously sweet manner, â€Å"Mrs Lyons: Already youre being threatened by the Welfare. With two more how will you avoid some of them being put into care? Surely, surely, Mrs Johnston, its better to give one child to me than to have some of them taken into care! If hes with me youll st ill be able to see him each day as you come into work.† Act 1 Scene 5. She gives Mrs Johnston reasons to give up a child. Mrs Lyons is shown to be self-centred, â€Å"My husband is due back tomorrow! I must have my baby now.† Act 1 Scene 6. She doesnt care about Mrs Johnstons feelings, Mrs Lyons only wants the baby because if Mr Lyons returns and doesnt see it, he will know that his wife was lying. Mrs Lyons is willing to take a child away from its mother, so that she can save her own skin. Mrs Lyons is a very sly and devious woman, as she uses superstition against Mrs Johnston, so that she can keep one of the twins, after Mrs Johnston tries to take him back, â€Å"Mrs Lyons: †¦ You know what they say about twins secretly parted, dont you? The Mother: [Terrified] What, what? Mrs Lyons: They say†¦ they say that if either twin learns he was one of a pair they shall both die immediately! It means, Mrs Johnston, that these brothers shall grow up unaware of the others existence. They shall be raised apart, and never, never ever told what was once the truth. You wont tell anyone, Mrs Johnston, because if you do you shall kill them!† Act 1 Scene 8. Mrs Lyons is being dramatic, but she knows that Mrs Johnston is convinced, because she saw how Mrs Johnston overreacted when she put shoes on the table. Mrs Lyons is very manipulative, but she conceals it very well. This superstition ends up backfiring on Mrs Lyons because Mrs Johnston soon forgets about it, but it continues to haunt Mrs Lyons decades later. She becomes paranoid and obsessive, believing that Mrs Johnston is following her to tell Edward the truth. This shows the reader that the superstition affects her instead of Mrs Johnston, the person it was intended for. When she is trying to convince Mrs Johnston to give away a twin, all she mentions is the materialistic advantages of her lifestyle, â€Å"The Mother: †¦ Hed be able to play on those lawns would nt he? And have his own room and†¦ Mrs Lyons: If he grew up here†¦ as our son†¦ He could have everything.† Act 1 Scene 5. Although she agrees with everything Mrs Johnston says, Mrs Lyons never mentions if she would love the child as if it was hers. The reader could think that Mrs Lyons could give him everything apart from love. The stage directions are in the text because Blood Brothers is a play. They are there because the dialogue doesnt describe how the characters are reacting or what the scenery is like. The stage direction gives the reader an idea of what is happening, without giving too much away, â€Å"The Mother: [Terrified] What, what?† Act 1 Scene 8. If the stage directions werent given, the reader wouldnt know how Mrs Johnston said it. She could have been curious or confused about the situation. The stage directions help with the readers imagination and interpretation of Blood Brothers. The Narrator is also a very good dramati c device. He acts as a shadow of the other character. The Narrator is there as a reminder of Mrs Johnston and Mrs Lyons agreement. The other characters dont acknowledge him which shows he is of a ghostly nature. The Narrator raises suspicion and builds up tension between the characters. He has no emotion and talks of the Devil, â€Å"Theres no use clutching at your rosary The Devils in the backyard, he can see Through the gaps in the curtains he sees it all, Theres no use hiding in the hall. When he raps at the knocker then he knows youre in; No you wont, no youll never get away from him No you wont, no youll never get away from him.† Act 2 Scene 1. The Narrator is trying to tell Mrs Johnston and Mrs Lyons that their pact wont work, because the truth will be known. He uses repetition and rhyme, so that his lines are more catchy and memorable. The Narrator is a creepy and disturbing character because he knows the future and talks about the Devil, which makes him God-like and all seeing. He is a neutral character because he doesnt choose sides and we dont know anything about him, other than he knows the fate of each character. The Narrator also represents superstition because he is there throughout the play, reminding the reader of the lie Mrs Lyons told. The dialogue of the two families is very diverse. Mrs Johnston uses ‘common English and Mrs Lyons uses ‘standard English. Mrs Johnston uses ‘common English in her dialect and many slang terms throughout the play, â€Å"Oh its, its smashing thank you, Mrs Lyons.† Act 1 Scene 3. This shows that she wasnt brought up in a rich family or she wasnt properly educated. Mrs Lyons uses ‘standard English in her language, since she is quite wealthy and possibly well educated. Instead of calling her son Eddie, she calls him Edward, â€Å"Edward! Edward its time for bed.† Act 2 Scene 3. Childhood is very prominent in the play. The reader can see a difference i n the twins upbringing. Eddie seems to have grown up very fast because at the age of seven, he is already very polite and well spoken. His parents have influenced him because he is like a miniature adult. The reader can see that Mrs Lyons was very overprotective when she brought Eddie up, because he is already familiar with things like dictionaries at such a young age, â€Å"Eddie: In the dictionary. Dont you know what a dictionary is?† Act 2 Scene 2. Eddie speaks like he has used a dictionary a lot, whereas Mickey doesnt know what one is, but agrees to make himself look smarter. In contrast, Mickey is more wild and untamed. He plays childhood games, like mounted Police and Indians, and runs around with a toy gun. Mrs Johnston probably let him do whatever he wanted, because she had his other siblings to look after as well. This is something that Eddie never did, â€Å"Were playing mounted Police, and Indians. Im a Mountie. Mam, Mam, you know this morning weve wiped out three thousand Indians.† Act 2 Scene 1. A gun is mentioned throughout the play. At first, a harmless air gun is used a toy. This symbolises the fate of the twins. The child versions think its just a toy used to vandalise, but as they grow up, real guns are used. At the end of the play, when Mickey feels that Eddie has taken everything away from him, he produces an authentic looking gun. Even then it isnt real. The child and the adult Mickey thinks of guns as a relic of power. When Mrs Lyons moves to the countryside, she orders that poplars be planted, so that the council estate cant be seen. The poplars are a barrier between Mrs Lyons and Mrs Johnston. Mrs Lyons wants sever all ties with the Johnston family, but they manage to move to the countryside as well. Superstition plays a big part in Blood Brothers. With the Narrator as a constant reminder, the reader sees that Mrs Lyons superstition affects every character in the play. Mrs Lyons is most affected. Simple t hings that a mother would tell a child would be nonsense to her, but knowing that Mrs Johnston is superstitious helped her get a child. At that point, superstition was an advantage to her. But when she faces the reality of what she has done, Mrs Lyons becomes deluded. The idea of motherhood and surrogacy is also present. Mrs Johnston and Mrs Lyons raise their sons very differently. Mrs Johnston lets Mickey be carefree and wild, but he isnt allowed to play near the ‘big houses in the park. Mrs Lyons raises Eddie the way she desires, but he finds his way back to his biological family. She becomes insane because of Eddies bonds with his real family. This reveals her real personality, compulsive and aggressive. Surrogacy is shown as a bad thing in Blood Brothers, because Mrs Johnston was reluctant to give away her child. Mrs Lyons manipulative personality is seen here, in her desperation to have a child, as she forces Mrs Johnston to give away her son. Blood brothers are als o one of the themes mentioned. It started off as a childs alliance to his friend, but carries on until adulthood. The twins do forget about it at times in their life, but it keeps returning. The one who came up with the idea, Mickey, is the one who ends up dismissing it. He thinks nothing of it any more, â€Å"Eddie: [Pause] I thought†¦ I thought we always stuck together. I thought we were†¦ blood brothers. Mickey: That was kids stuff, Eddie, didnt anyone tell you? [Pause. Mickey looking at him. An ironic snort] But I suppose you still are a kid, arent you?† Act 4 Scene 2. Social class and division is also mentioned. Whilst Mickey and Eddie overcome that boundary, their mothers havent. Mrs Johnston is treated very badly because of her low-class status. When Mickey is in trouble with the police, the Policewoman is very patronising and shows Mrs Johnston no respect, â€Å"[to Mrs Johnston] And he was about to commit a serious crime, love, a serious crime. Now do you understand that? [The Mother nods] You dont want to end up in court again do you? Eh? [Shakes her head] Because thats whats going to happen if I have any more trouble from one of yours†¦ † Act 2 Scene 7. The Policewoman uses a threatening tone and rhetorical questions, such as ‘Eh? She also uses repetition because she thinks that Mrs Johnston is poorly educated and inferior to her. Since Eddie was also there at the time, the Policewoman paid a visit to his house too, â€Å"As I say, it was more if a prank really, Mrs Lyons. Id just dock his pocket money if I was you. But one thing I would say, and excuse me if Im interfering, but Id not let him mix with the likes of them in the future. Make sure he keeps with his own kind, Mrs Lyons, not running round with them at the other end†¦Ã¢â‚¬  Act 2 Scene 7. The Policewoman is more polite to Mrs Lyons. She refers to the incident as a crime to Mrs Johnston, but tells Mrs Lyons it was a prank. She doesnt use repetition with Mrs Lyons. She is inside Mrs Lyons house because Mrs Lyons is a respected woman and if the neighbours saw, people would talk. The Policewoman is very two-faced, treating one mother better because of her status. The town, where the characters live, is separated. The reader can see a definite social division. There is the wealthy ‘in the big houses near the park and the workers in the council estate. Don’t waste time! Our writers will create an original "Blood Brothers Essay Example for College Students" essay for you Create order

Communism In North Korea - 1377 Words

There are many different types of political systems in the world today, some good, others not so much. Many countries go through different political systems before they reach a good fit. In this paper I choose to research about a regime that has always interested me, communism. To a lot of people communism holds negative connotations but the history behind this form of governance is one of desperation and revolution. Communism is a socialist movement to create a classless, moneyless, and stateless social order which is structured upon ownership of the means of production, as well as a social, political and economic ideology that aims at the establishment of this social order. (wiki.) Communism first came about as a theory of how to balance†¦show more content†¦Leninists pushed for a creation of a Vanguard Party to help lead the working class revolution to victory. Many believed that the workers would not be able to organize and develop a socialist conscience without the guid ance of the Vanguard party. Marxism-Leninism is a mixture of the two that was first adopted by the Soviet Union; it is the most prevalent form of communism around the world today. North Korea’s leader Kim Il-Sung developed a political doctrine called Juche in 1955. This doctrine’s main emphasis was military and economic self-reliance that was inspired by Marxism-Leninism. Communism in Modern Days was largely formed out of the socialist movement of 19th century Europe. One could say that communist thoughts came about once people were tired of the capitalistic society they were living in. Now to take a closer look at communism as it pertains to one country, North Korea. In the early 20th century communism developed as a political movement in Korea. Over time, South Korea made communism illegal, but North Korea continued to be a Juche Socialist State under the Workers Party of Korea. The creation of communist North Korea can be linked back to Alexandra Kim, a Korean livin g in Russia in 1916. She has been credited as being the first Korean communist because while in Russia she joined the Russian Social Democratic Labor Party (Bolsheviks). When Lenin sent her Khabarovsk to be in charge of external affairs she met with YiShow MoreRelated China vs. North Korea: Communism Essay1234 Words   |  5 PagesThere are a number of similarities between North Korea, The United States and China. That statement could be said about certain aspects of the three countries when looking purely at what is written on paper. According to the Central Intelligence Agency (CIA) World Fact Book all three countries have the essential three branches of government; executive, legislative, and judicial (2012). 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In addition, the Korean War was an economic benefit for theRead MoreKorean War And Its Effects On Korea1512 Words   |  7 PagesKim Jong-un, North Korea’s leader, is currently testing weapons of mass destruction and threatening to aim them at the United States. The Democratic Republic of Korea is a communist dictatorship with Kim Jong-un declaring himself the Supreme Leader. The Republic of Korea, otherwise known as South Korea, is a non-communist state with Moon Jae-in as its president. It is a democratic republic with three branches of government. North Korea and South Korea were once one nation under Japan. They are nowRead MoreThe Function of the Truman Doctrine and Marshall Plan in Preventing the Spread of Communism During the Cold War952 Words   |  4 Pagespreventing the spread of communism, was one of the first tests of communism in Asia. North Korea was strictly communist while South Korea was democratic. 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Leadership Management Ineffective Performance

Question: Discuss about theLeadership Managementfor Ineffective Performance. Answer: Introduction Leadership is the process in which the individual tries to influence others so that an objective can be achieved and directs the organization in a cohesive and coherent manner (Klenke 2016). The difference between management and leadership are that management have subordinates in their system and is differentiated by seniority that have powers over others in making the work done. It is more of an authoritarian style where the subordinates need to carry out the duties assigned to them by the seniors. The management pays the managers to get the work done within the timeframe that is allotted to them. Leaders on the other hand have followers, which is a voluntary activity. Leaders take the risks in the organization and finds alternate ways to avoid these risks. The role of the leaders is to identify the ineffective performance in the organization, which results in the loss of productivity levels (Johnston and Marshall 2016). The satisfaction of the leaders is the feeling of power and prestige bestowed upon them. It gives them a chance to develop others and have high income opportunities bundled with respect and status in the society. They have the opportunity to control the inflow and outflow of money and resources in the organization. The frustrations of leaders are that they need to work overtime without any compensation. It causes headaches and puts stress on the mind of the leaders. The leaders need to go through many politics regarding the organizational structure (Klenke 2016). The leaders should develop their skills by communicating in a proper manner; they need to encourage enthusiasm and a sense of belonging in the organization. They need to pursue the workers to work until the goals and the targets are met (Lussier and Achua 2015). The combination of psychological traits that define a person is known as personality. To identify the personality with the efforts that are recognizable can be done by Myers-Briggs Type Indicator and the five-factor model of personality. The Myers-Briggs indicator helps in establishing the extrovert and introvert type of personality based on the social interaction. Sensing and intuitiveness of a person can be understood by the choice of the data that the individual gathers. Feeling and thinking can affect the personality of the individual by the decision making capacity of them and the style of making the decisions helps to identify the perception and judgment of the individual. The personality traits of the leaders can be divided in to general traits that are self-confidence and the trustworthiness of the individual and the task related trait can be identified through the controlling capacity of the individual (Lam et al. 2016). The personalized power motives in a leader attract the m towards the status symbols, luxuries and the monetary benefits. The socialized power motives help the leader to use their powers in helping others. The McClelland theory of three needs is the need for achievement, which is the driving force towards excellence in achieving a set of standards. The need for power makes the leaders behave in a manner in which they want to seek control over everything, which makes them influential. The need for affiliation helps in developing close and friendly relationships in the organization (Chemers 2014). The cognitive factors are that for the business to succeed the mental strength of the personality is important. The leaders need to be mentally sharp so that they can solve problems and make a creative plan. They must identify the key information that is essential and memorize those and the mentality to solve the problems leads to cognitive intelligence. The personality and the mental ability of the leaders can be inherited or can be based on the aptitudes of the individuals (Renzulli and DSouza 2014). The strengths of trait approach is that it emphasizes on the emotional intelligence. Honesty, integrity, creativity and imagination are some of the essential leadership traits and leaders can be selected accordingly. The traditional approach in leadership helps individual to be responsible. The limitations of the trait approach are that it does not differentiate the traits according to the leadership situations. The right amount of trait is unknown. The individuals who do not possess leadership traits need to be discouraged from these positions (Dinh et al. 2014). The influence of the behavior of the leader directly affects how the workers respond to the attempt taken to influence them. There can be three possible outcomes in an attempt to influence which are commitment, compliance and resistance (Byme et al. 2014). The influential tactics by leading as an example is by being a role model for the workers in an effective way. Rational persuasion is also an important tactic, which involves the logical arguments and factual evidence to convince an individual or a group of workers in attaining the goal. Subject Matter expert (SME) is also a tactic as it helps the organization in adopting effective strategies to be influential. The favor exchange and bargaining capacity is a tactic as it helps to exchange ideas and labor with another party at a cheaper cost. Networking is a tactic as it helps the members to create a network and ask for help when required is also influential in nature. Another tactic is to legitimate a request so that the policies and practices of the organization can be done by professional people and is within the scope of authority. A leader needs to inspire the values and the motives of the organization to achieve the target (Oc and Bashshur 2013). Personal magnetism can be achiev ed by the charisma that the individual has which will draw others towards the individual. Consulting with others before asserting it is a style and influencing factor in leadership, which helps in the decision-making process. Coalition helps in creating a specific arrangement of the parties to work together and combine their power. Team play helps in influencing others in getting the work done. Leaders need to be manipulative so that they can influence others and gain compliance of the other individuals. Game playing is necessary to influence people that have an agenda or a purpose in hiding so that the exchange of ideas can help to work better (Byme et al. 2014). The managerial roles as identified by Mintzberg are the interpersonal roles, which includes figurehead, the leaders and liaises the communication between people and the organization to work closely. The informational roles help to monitor and disseminate the activities for the spokesperson. The decisional roles involve the entrepreneurs, the handlers who manage disturbance in the organization, the resource allocators and the negotiator who negotiates on behalf of the leader (Mintzberg 2015). The cognitive resource theory helps the experienced leaders to rely on the behaviors of the groups that have high performance rate under stressful conditions. Experience also leads to repeat the behavior patterns on a daily basis. The intellectual abilities of the leaders help in correlating the groups with high performance rate with that of the intellectual abilities of non-directive leaders (Miner 2015). The situations can influence the behavior or style of leadership. This effectively helps the leaders to make their behavioral patterns change according to the situational forces. The internal and the external environment have an impact on the effectiveness of the leaders (Mintzberg 2015). The contingency model of leadership helps in determining the situation in which the leader is working. The style of leadership is a permanent behavioral aspect, which is difficult to modify. To measure the leadership style the least preferred coworker or the LPC scale helps in measuring the degree to which a leader describes an employee favorably or unfavorably with whom the individual has worked the least (Jansen et al. 2016). The leadership situation can be measured in three dimensions, the leader-member relation measures how properly the leader and the group is working together, the structure of the task measures the clarity of goals and procedures and evaluates the job. The position power measures the authority of the leader to recruit, retain or terminate its employees (Miner 2015). The Vroom-Yetton-Jago model identifies the five-decision making styles in which the first two styles are autocratic because the decision of the leader is made with a minimum input form the group. The next two styles are consultative in nature and the fifth style is directed to the group where the consensus of the group is considered before taking the decision. The performance of the leader influences to act on the needs of the group members under him (Jago 2015). The situational leadership model of Hersey and Blanchard explains the style of leadership to examine the readiness of the group members. The path goal theory highlights the fact about what leaders need to do to achieve high productivity at a particular situation. It emphasizes that the leaders need to choose from four different styles of leadership to achieve the best results. However, the contingency factors with respect to environment need to be kept in mind (Rahman 2016). Knowledge management deals with the cultural focus on sharing of knowledge. The access to the knowledge is limited in spite of wide spread information being available through the information technology. Participative leadership help in the decision making process with the group members. The autocratic leadership helps in retaining the majority of the authority. The entrepreneurial leadership helps in guiding the risk-taking activity sensibly (Hislop 2013). Charismatic leadership helps in the proper interaction between the leader and the people who are being led. The impression management system helps the leaders to develop a relationship with their group members. Maintaining the impression in the minds of the group members is important for the leaders. Charismatic leadership effects can be of three different dimensions such as referent power, expert power and the involvement in the job (Mumford and Strange 2013). Transformational leadership is on two types, which are vision and the style of communication. Vision management helps in understanding the different and better working conditions and the ways of achieving it. It is more of a long-term goal. The communication style helps to communicate with the group members in an effective manner. The disadvantages of charismatic leadership are that it leads to culmination of evil in the minds of the leaders. They can use unethical means to make the organization lead towards its goal. The charismatic leaders may neglect the social responsibility that is bestowed upon them. Transformational leadership helps in bringing major positive changes to achieve the goal. They lead their group members beyond the organizational interests to serve the society as well (Dvir et al. 2015). There are four types of power such as legitimate power, which helps in making the right decision staying within the boundaries of law. The reward power helps the leaders to understand the responsibility taken up by the group members and reward them accordingly. The coercive power helps in exercising the punishment power and the group members work with this fear in mind. The information power helps the leader to inform their group members about the work that they need to carry out (Krause 2015). Empowerment means the passing down of power from the managers to the group members in the organization. It plays a big part in assessing the quality management of the organization. It helps in covering many ranges of activities by assuming more responsibility (Dvir et al. 2015). Reference List Byrne, A., Dionisi, A.M., Barling, J., Akers, A., Robertson, J., Lys, R., Wylie, J. and Dupr, K., 2014. The depleted leader: The influence of leaders' diminished psychological resources on leadership behaviors.The Leadership Quarterly,25(2), pp.344-357. Chemers, M., 2014.An integrative theory of leadership. Psychology Press. Dinh, J.E., Lord, R.G., Gardner, W.L., Meuser, J.D., Liden, R.C. and Hu, J., 2014. Leadership theory and research in the new millennium: Current theoretical trends and changing perspectives.The Leadership Quarterly,25(1), pp.36-62. Dvir, T., Eden, D., Avolio, B.J. and Shamir, B., 2015. The impact of Transformational Leadership. Hislop, D., 2013.Knowledge management in organizations: A critical introduction. Oxford University Press. Jago, A., 2015. From Victor Vroom, Philip Yetton, And Arthur Jagos Normative Decision-Process Theory To The Use Of Participative Management.Organizational Behavior 4: From Theory to Practice, p.131. Jansen, J.J., Kostopoulos, K.C., Mihalache, O.R. and Papalexandris, A., 2016. A Socio?Psychological Perspective on Team Ambidexterity: The Contingency Role of Supportive Leadership Behaviours.Journal of Management Studies. Johnston, M.W. and Marshall, G.W., 2016.Sales force management: Leadership, innovation, technology. Routledge. Klenke, K. ed., 2016.Qualitative research in the study of leadership. Emerald Group Publishing Limited. Krause, D.E., 2015. Four types of leadership and orchestra quality.Nonprofit Management and Leadership,25(4), pp.431-447. Lam, W., Lee, C., Taylor, M.S. and Zhao, H.H., 2016. Does Proactive Personality Matter in Leadership Transitions? Effects of Proactive Personality on New Leader Identification and Responses to New Leaders and Their Change Agendas.Academy of Management Journal, pp.amj-2014. Lussier, R.N. and Achua, C.F., 2015.Leadership: Theory, application, skill development. Nelson Education. Miner, J.B., 2015.Organizational behavior 1: Essential theories of motivation and leadership. Routledge. Mintzberg, H., 2015. Henry MINTZBERG, The Nature of Managerial Work (1973) Simply Managing: What Manager Do-And Can Do Better (2013).M@ n@ gement,18(2), pp.186-188. Mumford, M.D. and Strange, J.M., 2013. Vision and mental models: The case of charismatic and ideological leadership. InTransformational and Charismatic Leadership: The Road Ahead 10th Anniversary Edition(pp. 125-158). Emerald Group Publishing Limited. Oc, B. and Bashshur, M.R., 2013. Followership, leadership and social influence.The Leadership Quarterly,24(6), pp.919-934. Rahman, M.M., 2016. Leadership. Analysis of Trait, Behaviour, and Contingency Theories. Renzulli, J.S. and DSouza, S., 2014. Intelligences outside the normal curve: Co-cognitive factors that contribute to the creation of social capital and leadership skills in young people.Critical issues and practices in gifted education: What the research says, pp.343-361.

Symbolism in Hawthorne’s “Young Goodman Brown Essay Example

Symbolism in Hawthorne’s â€Å"Young Goodman Brown Paper Symbolism plays a major role in the message that Nathaniel Hawthorne aims to convey in his story â€Å"Young Goodman Brown†. Hawthorne made use of symbolic situations which represents a corrupt and masked society that is still applicable in the present time. In this story, Hawthorne narrates a seemingly dreamlike experience of Goodman Brown in the midst of an evil ritual in the woods where he and his wife attempted to participate in. Brief Summary of Young Goodman Brown Young Goodman Brown is a recently married man who goes out for the night after bidding goodbye to his dear wife, Faith. He tries hard to push away his guilt of pursuing an evil plan while he leaves her that evening by promising to make it up to her someday. As he goes through the dark forest wondering if the devil is just around, he becomes hesitant in furthering his plan on joining some mysterious people in an evil ritual somewhere deep in the forest. Upon explaining why he was late to a decently dressed man because his wife kept him back, they are accompanied by another traveler whose age he reckon to be about fifty. He notices the remarkable serpent-like staff of the first man who addressed him. Upon meeting the other people who would join them, he is surprised to find out that most of the upright and holy people in his neighborhood are present; the woman who taught him catechism, the minister, Deacon Gookin, and the most surprising of all—his wife! He finds out that Faith is the reason why the ritual is initiated. He realizes that he had lost his Faith so he resolves in pursuing his original plan and be converted to evil like the rest of them. We will write a custom essay sample on Symbolism in Hawthorne’s â€Å"Young Goodman Brown specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on Symbolism in Hawthorne’s â€Å"Young Goodman Brown specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on Symbolism in Hawthorne’s â€Å"Young Goodman Brown specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer However, as Goodman Brown and Faith approach the altar to be anointed by the evil blood, Goodman Brown orders Faith to look up to heaven and resist the evil. As soon as the words leaves his mouth, he finds himself alone in the woods wondering if he had just dreamt the ritual. He comes back to his neighborhood a changed man. He becomes distrustful and doubtful of his wife and neighbors even to the day he died. Symbolisms The story itself is the entire representation of a hypocritical society. It is already a symbolism that further emphasizes the hypocrisy of Puritanism. It is clear that Hawthorne aims to criticize puritan society most especially the time of the Salem Witch Trials where almost twenty alleged witches were hanged with spectral evidence as the only proof. Like Goodman Brown, Hawthorne is believed to have also doubted the nature of sin in the society. Most probably, it is his way to push away the guilt when he found out that he is a descendant of one of the major persecutors in the witch trials. The story also contains some biographical elements where the devil reminds him, â€Å"I helped your grandfather, the constable, when he lashed the Quaker woman so smartly through the streets of Salem† (Hawthorne 113). The story seems to be a full representation of the author’s view about a strict puritan society. Moreover, the setting of the story is also quite symbolic as the initial part of the story describes Goodman Brown entering a dark forest where the witches gather at Sabbath. Hawthorne’s description of the dark and gloomy forest indicates that a dark critical turning point in his life is about to happen. â€Å"The darkness is not only physical, it is satanic† (Crowley 68). The story also symbolizes man’s struggle to avoid temptation by the devil. By the use of spectral evidence, Hawthorne is able to covey the idea that the devil could be lurking in the shadows even of the finest men (Reis 200). When Goodman Brown finds out that the most religious people in his neighborhood are actually members of the ritual in the forest, he realizes how evil can come in many deceptive forms. This realization leads him to his misery because of his inability to identify if his experience is merely a dream or a frightful reality. Goodman Brown can be considered a real good man before the encounter in the woods. He is considered to be good to his wife and he loves her dearly. He even refers to her as, â€Å"My love and my Faith† (Hawthorne 111) and hesitates to go on further with the meeting, â€Å"What a wretch am I to leave her on such an errand! She talks of dreams, too. Methought as she spoke there was trouble in her face, as if a dream had warned her what work is to be done tonight. . . † (Hawthorne 111). However, the goodness and naivete within him is altered when he discovers respectable and supposedly holy people are part of the evil ritual. This shows Hawthorne’s attitude towards highly religious people such as the early Puritans. It means that not all religious people are holy, and sometimes, they are just posing hypocrisy to redeem themselves. Even the name of his wife, Faith, symbolizes the things that he had lost upon full realization of evil in his neighborhood. He loses his wife, Faith, when he sees her in the woods and he also loses his spiritual faith towards goodness. â€Å"The story is not about the evil of other people but about Browns doubt, his recovery of the possibility of universal evil† (Levin 121). Conclusion Young Goodman Brown might probably just pass as a short ordinary story that involves supernatural encounters. While it is true that is merely fictional and not to be taken seriously in reality, it consists of symbolisms which are important to take into account. It consists of political and religious symbolisms which are indirectly told by the author to allow the readers to shape their own interpretation by themselves. Obviously, the story include more significant and in-depth matters in life than what is initially conveyed to be unrealistic and superficial. Works Cited Crowley, Joseph Donald. Nathaniel Hawthorne. London: Taylor Francis, 1971. Hawthorne, Nathaniel. â€Å"Young Goodman Brown. † Young Goodman Brown and Other Tales. Ed. Brian Harding. New York: Oxford University Press, 1999. 111–123. Levin, David. â€Å"Shadows of Doubt: Specter Evidence in Hawthornes ‘Young Goodman Brown’. † On Hawthorne: The Best from American Literature. Eds. Edwin Harrison Cady and Louis J. Budd. United States of America: Duke University Press, 1990. 114-122. Reis, Elizabeth. Damned Women: Sinners and Witches in Puritan New England. New York: Cornell University Press, 1997.

China Revolution essays

China Revolution essays In the 19th century, China had a lot new treaties and wars breaking out, all throught the 19th century. Some are like the Opium War(s), The Boxer Rebellion, and Sphere of Influence. These things were a big part of Chinas history. The Opium War was two wars fought between Great Britain and China in whom Western powers gained significant commercial privileges and territory. The Opium Wars began when the Chinese government tried to stop the illegal importation of opium by British merchants. The First Opium War started in 1839 when the Chinese government confiscated opium warehouses in Guangzhou (Canton). Britain responded by sending an expedition of warships to the city in February 1840. The British won a quick victory and the conflict was ended by the Treaty of Nanking (Nanjing) on August 29, 1842. By this treaty, and a supplementary one signed on October 8, 1843, China was forced to pay a large indemnity, open five ports to British trade and residence, and cede Hong Kong to Great Britain. The treaty also gave British citizens in China the right to be tried in British courts. Other Western powers demanded, and were granted, similar privileges. In October 1856, Guangzhou police boarded the British ship Arrow and charged its crew with smuggling. Eager to gain more trading rights, the British used the incident to launch another offensive, precipitating the Second Opium War. British forces, aided by the French, won another quick military victory in 1857. When the Chinese government refused to ratify the Treaty of Tianjin, which had been signed in 1858, the hostilities resumed. In 1860, after British and French troops had occupied Beijing and burned the Summer Palace, the Chinese agreed to ratify the treaty. The treaty opened additional trading ports, allowed foreign emissaries to reside in Beijing, admitted Christian missionaries into China, and opened travel to the Chinese interior. Later negotiations legalized the ...

The Cost of Benefiting From Corporate Social Responsibility Essay

The Cost of Benefiting From Corporate Social Responsibility - Essay Example Because the field is a relatively new effort by business and the effects of their actions are so far reaching, it is necessary to quantify what benefits a company derives from CSR as well as demonstrate to the public the benefit that society gains from it. The cost of CSR, sometimes met with a negative response, needs to be examined with an understanding that the benefits in some cases may be mutual and what may be good for society may also be good for business. Measuring the benefit that CSR has to a company has been complicated by the reluctance of business to embrace the concept and provide reasonable reports and audits. A forthcoming report from St. Andrews University contends that less than 4% of the world's major corporations produce CSR reports, and the results have been characterised by Rob Gray, professor from St. Andrews, as, "at best useless and at worst highly misleading" (qtd. in Edwards, 2006). There are, however, some economic indicators that can be used when comparing companies that have a strong CSR reputation to those that do not. Profits, revenues, customer loyalty, market response, worker safety, and legal liabilities can be examined for the impact they have on a business. Societal benefits that arise from worker and product safety, a clean environment, and ethical practices are readily apparent. However, more intangible benefits may not be as readily quantified, but may be reflected in better company reputation, brand l oyalty, and public perception. When measuring CSR as an overall effect on a company, there is some correlation between good company citizenship and lower profitability. Indicators that can be measured indicate an overall negative effect on top CSR companies and their annual net income growth (Laffer, Coors, & Winegarden, 2004, pg. 5). It may be misleading to infer that market leaders also have the most ambitious CSR programs, for as Laffer, Coors, and Winegarden, 2004, conclude, "It is likely, therefore, that the businesses that are inclined to engage in CSR initiatives tend to be those that are already financially successful and that can afford the added CSR overhead" (pg. 6). Short-term benefits from CSR that are realised by society may take place at the expense of a company's core mission of generating profits. However, when CSR traits are examined on an individual basis, the results may reveal benefits for both the company and society. Worker safety is a paramount consideration for a company with strong CSR traits. The demand of a safe workplace is a mainstay of worker advocates and has, in many cases, been forced upon business through increased regulation. Workers have benefited greatly from these actions as the work environment continues to improve. But has business also reaped rewards from investments in safety Or has safety had a negative effect on profit Alcoa, the world's largest aluminium producer, made a strong commitment to safety in 1987. Since then its accident rate has fallen by 90% and is 10 times better than its industry peers (Jackson & Nelson, 2004). During this same period, Alcoa has been able to outpace the industry and its nearest competitor, Alcan, in both revenue and profitability. Safety contributes to profitability through a

Direct Marketing Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Direct Marketing - Assignment Example 1) Cost – As the cost of per target promotion in direct marketing tends to be substantially higher than that in case of mass marketing, marketers must send their message to a limited audience only, as sending the message to general audience at large with very few of them likely to respond positively or getting converted may increase the cost manifold and thus cause a lot of marketing dollar wastage. 2) Customer irritation – As direct marketing communication tends to be longer and more involving i.e. seek active participation of the customer, than traditional mass marketing communication, thus unnecessary and unsolicited message may lead to customer frustration, resultantly eroding brand equity. Thus in direct marketing it is important to come up with a list of the customers who would be most interested in the product offering and thus will be most likely to respond positively rather than non-responding or responding negatively by avoiding further communication. â€Å"Data Mining is the process of discovering interesting knowledge from large amounts of data stored either in databases, data warehouses, or other information repositories. Simply stated, data mining refers to extracting or "mining" knowledge from large amounts of data.† (Han and Kamber, 2006). According to Fayyad et al (1996), Data mining is an important process of discovering novel, implicit, useful and comprehensive knowledge from large amount of data. For Direct marketing it translates in to a description of likely buyers or responders and thus Data mining helps in securing better results, for a direct marketing campaign than a traditional mass marketing campaign For example - To develop marketing and service –delivery strategy, Harrah’s entertainment Inc., the gambling and hotel chain uses Data mining to target customers on individual basis for direct marketing. Using its sophisticated

Hemophilia Genetic Blood

Hemophilia Genetic Blood Hemophilia is a sex-linked genetic disorder that prevents your blood from clotting normally. The blood may clot very little but can easily dislodge. Patients with the disease can bleed for days. It is located on your X sex chromosome and is found in males of all races and ethnic groups. A female can have Hemophilia, but it is extremely rare and uncommon. Most people who had Hemophilia in the 1980s were also diagnosed with HIV. There are two types of Hemophilia; type A and type B. Type A Hemophilia is caused by a lack or shortage of clotting factor eight. 1 out of every 5,000 male babies are born with type A. Type B is caused by a shortage of clotting factor 9. It is less common than type A and is found in 1 out of 30,000 male babies. Although males are inherited with the disease, females carry it. Females may get a genetic test to see if they carry the disease. Hemophilia can be mild, moderate, or severe. If you have a mild case, clotting factor 8 or 9 is 5% normal or greater. In a moderate case, clotting factor 8 or 9 is 1% to 5% normal. In a severe case, clotting factor 8 or 9 is less than 1% of normal. Also in a severe case, bleeding may happen more than once a week for no reason. A patient with severe Hemophilia is usually diagnosed during their first year of life. The percentage of a clotting factor will most likely stay the same throughout a persons life. There is no actual cure for Hemophilia just yet, but people with the disease can inject themselves with the clotting factors 8 and 9 to stop their bleeding. A treatment for the disease can depend on the type of Hemophilia the person has. A persons immune system can attack the clotting factors that were injected. If this happens, then extra treatment may be needed. There is no way to prevent a child from getting Hemophilia. A genetic counselor can tell how severe the Hemophilia may be and the risk for it. Some symptoms of Hemophilia can be bleeding into the joints, bleeding in soft tissues and muscles, or bleeding in the mouth. Symptoms may become less severe as a child gets older. It doesnt mean that their case is any less severe, but they learn to avoid things that can lead them to bleeding. Most bleeding is caused by an injury or a twist of a joint. Most people with Hemophilia live a normal life span if they can control their bleeding with injecting themselves. Hemophilia is caused when a person has a mutation in of their clotting genes. Almost 90% of patients have a mutation in their Factor 8 gene, and only 9% have a mutation in their Factor 9 gene. 1% of patients have a mutation in a different clotting factor gene. A doctor will make several blood tests and rule out other diseases before diagnosing Hemophilia. The diseases the doctor must rule out with similar symptoms are Von Willebrand, Dysfibrinogenemia, Hypofibrinogenemia, Thrombocytopenia, and Bernaid-Soulier Syndrome. A final blood test will determine if the person has Hemophilia, the missing factor, and the type of Hemophilia the person has. When a person is diagnosed, the mutation should be found to see if anyone else in the family carries the disorder. It is very simple to find out this information if the male has a mutation called an inversion. Almost 50% of type A patients have inversions. To test for an inversion, an DNA fingerprint must be created. There is no inversion when the fingerprint shows two very dark marks of DNA at 16.5 and 21.0 areas. But, there is an inversion when there are two dark marks at 20.0 and 17.5. If a boy has Hemophilia, the test can be used on his female blood relatives. Hemophilia was recognized in ancient times, though it wasnt named. An Arab physician by the name of Albucasis, wrote about a family whose male sons died from bleeding after minor injuries. In 1803, a physician named Dr. John Conrad Otto wrote about Hemophilia. He noticed that Hemophilia was only found in males and was a hereditary disease. The word â€Å"hemophilia† was written in a description at the University of Zurich in 1828 by Hopff. Another name for Hemophilia is â€Å"The Royal Disease†. This is because Queen Victoria carried the disease. She was the Queen of England from 1837-1901. Her son Leopold developed the disease. Leopold died from a brain hemorrhage at the age of 31, but his daughter was a carrier also. His daughter, Alice, had a male baby who also died from the disease. Two of Queen Victorias daughters carried the disease just like her. They gave the disease to the Russian, German, and Spanish royal families. Alexandra was Queen Victorias granddaughter. She married Nicholas, the Tsar of Russia in the early 1900s. Alexandra also carried the disease and passed it on to her son, the Tsarevich Alexei. You are probably thinking what its like to have this horrible disease. Males with the disease say that it is extremely painful. They talk about how they were injected as infants. A lot of their parents are very nervous and scared when they find out that their child has Hemophilia. A boy named Greg Price says that he went to summer camp with other people who have blood related diseases. He found friendship with a lot of the people who have to deal with diseases like that. He is very open with the fact that he has Hemophilia. Overall, Hemophilia is an extremely terrifying disease that no one would like to have. It may cause someone to lose their life due to a simple cut or scratch. It is extremely painful and causes people two live with a horrifying life. Hopefully, someday there will be a cure for this dreadful disease so people with the disease can live their lives with happiness, joy, and freedom.

cloning :: essays research papers

Introduction The possibility of human cloning, raised when Scottish scientists at Roslin Institute created the much-celebrated sheep "Dolly" (Nature 385, 810-13, 1997), aroused worldwide interest and concern because of its scientific and ethical implications. The feat, cited by Science magazine as the breakthrough of 1997, also generated uncertainty over the meaning of "cloning" --an umbrella term traditionally used by scientists to describe different processes for duplicating biological material. What is cloning? Are there different types of cloning? When the media report on cloning in the news, they are usually talking about only one type called reproductive cloning. There are different types of cloning however, and cloning technologies can be used for other purposes besides producing the genetic twin of another organism. A basic understanding of the different types of cloning is key to taking an informed stance on current public policy issues and making the best possible personal decisions. The following three types of cloning technologies will be discussed: (1) recombinant DNA technology or DNA cloning, (2) reproductive cloning, and (3) therapeutic cloning. Recombinant DNA Technology or DNA Cloning The terms "recombinant DNA technology," "DNA cloning," "molecular cloning,"or "gene cloning" all refer to the same process: the transfer of a DNA fragment of interest from one organism to a self-replicating genetic element such as a bacterial plasmid. The DNA of interest can then be propagated in a foreign host cell. This technology has been around since the 1970s, and it has become a common practice in molecular biology labs today. Scientists studying a particular gene often use bacterial plasmids to generate multiple copies of the same gene. Plasmids are self-replicating extra-chromosomal circular DNA molecules, distinct from the normal bacterial genome (see image to the right). Plasmids and other types of cloning vectors are used by Human Genome Project researchers to copy genes and other pieces of chromosomes to generate enough identical material for further study. To "clone a gene," a DNA fragment containing the gene of interest is isolated from chromosomal DNA using restriction enzymes and then united with a plasmid that has been cut with the same restriction enzymes. When the fragment of chromosomal DNA is joined with its cloning vector in the lab, it is called a "recombinant DNA molecule." Following introduction into suitable host cells, the recombinant DNA can then be reproduced along with the host cell DNA. See a diagram depicting this process. Plasmids can carry up to 20,000 bp of foreign DNA. cloning :: essays research papers Introduction The possibility of human cloning, raised when Scottish scientists at Roslin Institute created the much-celebrated sheep "Dolly" (Nature 385, 810-13, 1997), aroused worldwide interest and concern because of its scientific and ethical implications. The feat, cited by Science magazine as the breakthrough of 1997, also generated uncertainty over the meaning of "cloning" --an umbrella term traditionally used by scientists to describe different processes for duplicating biological material. What is cloning? Are there different types of cloning? When the media report on cloning in the news, they are usually talking about only one type called reproductive cloning. There are different types of cloning however, and cloning technologies can be used for other purposes besides producing the genetic twin of another organism. A basic understanding of the different types of cloning is key to taking an informed stance on current public policy issues and making the best possible personal decisions. The following three types of cloning technologies will be discussed: (1) recombinant DNA technology or DNA cloning, (2) reproductive cloning, and (3) therapeutic cloning. Recombinant DNA Technology or DNA Cloning The terms "recombinant DNA technology," "DNA cloning," "molecular cloning,"or "gene cloning" all refer to the same process: the transfer of a DNA fragment of interest from one organism to a self-replicating genetic element such as a bacterial plasmid. The DNA of interest can then be propagated in a foreign host cell. This technology has been around since the 1970s, and it has become a common practice in molecular biology labs today. Scientists studying a particular gene often use bacterial plasmids to generate multiple copies of the same gene. Plasmids are self-replicating extra-chromosomal circular DNA molecules, distinct from the normal bacterial genome (see image to the right). Plasmids and other types of cloning vectors are used by Human Genome Project researchers to copy genes and other pieces of chromosomes to generate enough identical material for further study. To "clone a gene," a DNA fragment containing the gene of interest is isolated from chromosomal DNA using restriction enzymes and then united with a plasmid that has been cut with the same restriction enzymes. When the fragment of chromosomal DNA is joined with its cloning vector in the lab, it is called a "recombinant DNA molecule." Following introduction into suitable host cells, the recombinant DNA can then be reproduced along with the host cell DNA. See a diagram depicting this process. Plasmids can carry up to 20,000 bp of foreign DNA.

Ethnography of Speaking Essay

The article â€Å"Ethnography of Speaking† towards a Linguistics of Praxis† by Alessandro Duranti provides thorough study of language use in everyday life of a particular speech community. Actually, the author discusses peculiarities of language use involving communicative competence, context, speech communities, speech events, speech acts and conversation analysis. This study is centered on a situation discourse meaning that linguistic performance is evaluated in terms of socio-cultural order and language. It is noted that ethnography of speaking (ES) is concerned with finding relations between â€Å"language use and local systems of knowledge and social conduct†. The author discusses the goals of the speech, attributes of linguistic code and provides definitions of main terms involved in the discussion of language use. The author admits that ethnographers of speaking are interested in analyzing language use. The author claims that â€Å"the notion of language use is strictly related to the view of sociolinguistics as merely a different methodology, a different way of obtaining data†. However, ES define language use as the use of linguistic code in terms of a particular culture or community. The author assumes that unity of language is only illusion and in order to interpret the sign it is necessary to analyze the context. The goals of ES are to establish social identities and relationships, to explain how it is possible to change the world, to provide frames for speech events and act and, finally, to break social and cultural barriers. It is necessary to notice that ethnographic study wants to describe knowledge required by participants to communicate successfully with each other. Therefore, speaking or not speaking is significant for all human interactions. The process of speaking is, thus, constitutive of reality meaning that speaking â€Å"makes something already existing present to the participants or creates something anew†. Finally, the author discusses the role of speaking in shaping people’s life. Why speaking is important for human interactions? Works Cited Duranti, Alessandro. Ethnography of Speaking Towards Linguistics of Praxis. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.

Analysis Of The Motion Picture, Mississippi Masala, Nair (...

In this paper, a motion picture about a story of a family who was forced to move out of Uganda to the United States will be discussed. In addition, it will be presented the story a couple from two different cultures who fell in love, which brought consequences to both of their families. Also, this paper will discuss about how some people have a hard time assimilating to other cultures. In the motion picture, Mississippi Masala, Nair (1992) presents the story of a family from India who was residing in Uganda and whom was forced to leave the country because the government of that country did not want individuals from foreign heritage living in Uganda. This family was forced to move because of their heritage and skin color. In the effort to find a new life, the family sets roots in the United States, in the state of Mississippi, where their only daughter Meena fell in love with Demetrius, a self-employed African American carpet cleaner. When the family discovered that Meena and Demetriu s had fallen in love, the family members from both sides were devastated. In Meena’s case, her reputation as an Indian was being questioned, and in Demetrius case, his business was being jeopardized for falling in love with someone from a different culture. Jay, Meena’s dad decided that it was time to move back to Uganda so his daughter would not be married to a black person. However, Meena decided to stay with Demetrius, even without her parents’ consent (Nair, 1992). The motion picture,